MANAGING DIABETES IN WINTER

Those who suffer from type one diabetes or have a loved one A person with diabetes knows that it is an autoimmune disease and the struggle to regulate it daily is a constant battle that does not depend only on the carbohydrates or fats that the person with diabetes consumes. Stress, bad psychology, a cold, sadness, exercise, weather conditions, can cause the values to skyrocket or, conversely, lead to hypoglycemia.

Now in winter with low temperatures, regulation becomes even more difficult.

What if you want to go on a mountain trip to enjoy yourself? nature to play in the snow or do winter sports? There is no reason to deprive yourself of the joys of life as long as you take the necessary precautions.

Let's see how you can to combine winter excursions and low temperatures, without risking your health

The most important thing is to communicate and collaborate with your doctor. No matter how well you know your diabetes, your doctor's input is invaluable.Contact your diabetologist if you notice very high or low blood sugar levels without being able to explain the cause.

If you decide to travel, make sure to take with you medications (insulin or tablets) and consumables (blood sugar test strips, lancing devices, insulin needles) in larger quantities than you expected to use, but also keep consumables for your return home.

When traveling, bring appropriate snow shoes and a second pair of shoes so you can change if necessary. Do not wear or take with you new shoes, if you haven't tried them on.

Frequent measurements, especially before starting your hike or exercise, to get the best possible value. If you have low blood sugar, you should have an extra meal before starting exercise.

Exercising at high altitude is likely to lead to hypoglycemia, so in this case, in addition to regular measurement, you should reduce your postprandial insulin.

Use high - factor sunscreen and sunglasses if you are in snowy areas.

Do not forget to consult the instructions for the devices you use (meters, insulin pumps, continuous glucose monitoring devices) as extreme weather conditions may cause errors in their proper functioning.

Preventive measures for viruses that are prevalent in winter and are likely to deregulate diabetes, no matter how well controlled you are.

In case of illness or fever, it is necessary to take frequent measurements to prevent a sharp increase or decrease in glucose values, as your body is trying to fight the virus and thus it is possible that there is resistance to insulin . For this reason, especially if symptoms persist, you should adjust the dosage of insulin or the medications you are using.

Avoid close contact with patientswho have symptoms of respiratory infection (e.g. cough, runny nose, fever)

Carefully apply personal hygiene measures (washing hands with soap and water or applying alcohol-based hand rub, using a protective mask).

If you experience symptoms of a respiratory infection, contact to your doctor.

Nutrition is important for preventing and treating infections. Following the basic principles of a healthy diet that includes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low-fat foods, and avoiding saturated fats helps you strengthen your immune system and recover faster.

You should not forget to stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids and herbal teas to avoid dehydration, especially on days when you are sick.

General self-care guidelines that apply to all people with diabetes on the cold days of winter.

Winter, cold or rain should not deter you from your daily exercise program. On days when the weather conditions are not good, you can limit yourself to indoor activities, such as climbing stairs, mild aerobic exercise or stretching to keep yourself in good shape. Don't stop moving as exercise has a positive effect on your body and psychology .

Stay warm!Dress warmly, as cold reduces insulin absorption.

Keep your feet warm and dryto avoid moisture or any open wounds that may open the door to infections. Checking your feet should be done on a daily basis for wounds, cracks, and calluses, as people with diabetes may experience vascular problems in the lower extremities. If you notice an injury that does not heal, be sure to contact your doctor or podiatrist immediately.

Wear warm socksmade of moisture-wicking material. If your feet get wet, dry them thoroughly and change shoes and socks.

Keep your hands warmduring cold months and wear gloves when going outside. If your hands are cold before measuring, The glucose value may be incorrect.

Avoid hotbaths (check the temperature with a thermometer or your elbow), heating pads, electric blankets, and direct contact with radiators, as there is a risk of burns, especially in people with sensory impairment due to neuropathy.

Fluctuations in sugar levelscan occur with temperature changes. Increase the frequency of measurements and take additional measurements to avoid sudden increases or decreases in glucose values.

Dry skin and dry eyes are common problems in winter. Use moisturizers and drink plenty of fluids.

Administering insulin at low temperature may be painful, so it is best to keep it at room temperature.

Avoidwarming insulin with a heating element, as it can be damaged by exposure to high temperature.

 

Exercise , spending time with friends , eating right , and engaging in activities you enjoy can help you keep your spirits up during the dreary winter days. But the most important weapon for managing diabetes is...  is the positive  mood and love for life! Let's enjoy it whether in high or low temperatures by following simple instructions. Have a great time whatever you do.

With love for yourself and your diabetes!

Written by Marianna Metaxa

Educator, Author of the books "My Sweet Kelly" and the fairy tale "Melita and Zacharoulis" and lyricist of the song "Listen to My Heart"